DOC AIRBUS | AMM A320FFIRE PROTECTION - DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL
** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL
** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL
** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL
** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL
1. General
A. Definition
There are two types of fire protection:
There are two types of fire protection:
- the active fire protection, which enables to detect the start of a fire or smoke, localized and neutralized quickly,
- the passive fire protection which is obtained through design precautions at each aircraft compartment level.
NOTE: This chapter describes only the active fire protection.
B. Active Fire Protection
The various purposes of the active fire protection system are:
The various purposes of the active fire protection system are:
- to detect and extinguish any fire in each engine nacelle and in the Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) compartment,
- to protect the engine pylon against any torching flame from the combustion chamber,
- to detect smoke in the avionics compartment,
- to detect smoke and to extinguish fire in lavatories,
- to detect any leakage from hot air ducts,
- to extinguish fire in passenger/crew compartments and other accessible areas in flight,
- to detect smoke and extinguish fire in cargo compartments.
2. Component Location
Fire Detection and Extinguishing Systems ** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL
Fire Detection and Extinguishing Systems ** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL
Fire Detection and Extinguishing Systems ** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL
Fire Detection and Extinguishing Systems ** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL
** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL Fire Detection and Extinguishing Systems ** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL Fire Detection and Extinguishing Systems ** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL Fire Detection and Extinguishing Systems ** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL Fire Detection and Extinguishing Systems ** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL 3. System Description
The active fire protection system has two main functions which are:
The active fire protection system has two main functions which are:
A. Detection
The fire detection system is a means to prevent possible fire consequences on the aircraft.
The fire detection system is detailed in ATA chapter 26-10-00.
The fire detection system is a means to prevent possible fire consequences on the aircraft.
The fire detection system is detailed in ATA chapter 26-10-00.
B. Extinguishing
The fire extinguishing system is a means to neutralize quickly the start of a fire, or smoke.
The fire extinguishing system is detailed in ATA chapter 26-20-00.
The fire extinguishing system is a means to neutralize quickly the start of a fire, or smoke.
The fire extinguishing system is detailed in ATA chapter 26-20-00.
4. Power Supply
A. Engine Fire Detection and Extinguishing System
The system is supplied through these circuit breakers:
The system is supplied through these circuit breakers:
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| FIN PANEL/LOCATION DESIGNATION BUS ATA REF. |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 7WD1 49VU A06 ENGINE/1/FIRE DET/LOOP A 401PP 26-12-00 |
| 8WD1 121VU Q38 ENGINE/ENG1/FIRE DET/LOOP B 202PP 26-12-00 |
| 7WD2 121VU Q39 ENGINE/ENG2/FIRE DET/LOOP A 202PP 26-12-00 |
| 8WD2 49VU A07 ENGINE/2/FIRE DET/LOOP B 401PP 26-12-00 |
| 1WE1 121VU Q43 ENGINE/ENG1 AND 2 FIRE EXTIG/BTL1/SQUIB/A 701PP 26-21-00 |
| 2WE1 121VU Q44 ENGINE/ENG1 AND 2 FIRE EXTIG/BTL1/SQUIB/B 702PP 26-21-00 |
| 1WE2 121VU Q41 ENGINE/ENG1 AND 2 FIRE EXTIG/BTL2/SQUIB/A 202PP 26-21-00 |
| 2WE2 121VU Q42 ENGINE/ENG1 AND 2 FIRE EXTIG/BTL2/SQUIB/B 202PP 26-21-00 |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
B. APU Fire Detection and Extinguishing system
The system is supplied through these circuit breakers:
The system is supplied through these circuit breakers:
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| FIN PANEL/LOCATION DESIGNATION BUS ATA REF. |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 1WG 121VU L43 APU/FIRE AND OVHT/DET/LOOP A 301PP 26-13-00 |
| 2WG 121VU L44 APU/FIRE AND OVHT/DET/LOOP B 301PP 26-13-00 |
| 1WF 121VU L38 APU/FIRE/EXTIG/SQUIB/A 701PP 26-22-00 |
| 2WF 121VU L39 APU/FIRE/EXTIG/SQUIB/B 301PP 26-22-00 |
| 3WF 121VU M41 APU/FUEL/LP VALVE/STBY 701PP 26-22-00 |
| 4WF 121VU M42 APU/FIRE/LP VALVE/NORM 301PP 26-22-00 |
| 30WF 121VU L40 APU/AUTO/EXTIG/GND/TEST 301PP 26-22-00 |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
C. Smoke Detection System in Avionics Compartment
The system is supplied through these circuit breakers:
The system is supplied through these circuit breakers:
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| FIN PANEL/LOCATION DESIGNATION BUS ATA REF. |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 5HQ 49VU D05 AIR COND/AVNCS VENT/CTL 401PP 21-26-00 |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
D. Smoke Detection System in Cargo Compartments and Lavatory
The system is supplied through these circuit breakers:
The system is supplied through these circuit breakers:
The system is supplied through these circuit breakers:
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| FIN PANEL/LOCATION DESIGNATION BUS ATA REF. |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 11WQ 49VU C06 AIR COND/SDCU/CHAN1 801PP 26-17-00 |
| 12WQ 122VU T18 AIR COND/SDCU/CHAN2 204PP 26-17-00 |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
The system is supplied through these circuit breakers:
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| FIN PANEL/LOCATION DESIGNATION BUS ATA REF. |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 17WH 122VU T17 AIR COND/CIDS/SDF/DIR NORM/1 204PP 26-16-00 |
| 18WH 49VU C06 AIR COND/CIDS/SDF/DIR2 ESS 801PP 26-16-00 |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
E. Fire Extinguishing System in Cargo Compartments
The system is supplied through these circuit breakers:
The system is supplied through these circuit breakers:
The system is supplied through these circuit breakers:
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| FIN PANEL/LOCATION DESIGNATION BUS ATA REF. |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 1WX 49VU C04 AIR COND/CARGO FIRE/EXTIG/BTL1 401PP 26-23-00 |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
The system is supplied through these circuit breakers:
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| FIN PANEL/LOCATION DESIGNATION BUS ATA REF. |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 1WX 49VU C04 AIR COND/CARGO FIRE/EXTIG/BTL1 401PP 26-23-00 |
| 8WX 49VU C05 AIR COND/CARGO FIRE/EXTIG/BTL2 401PP 26-23-00 |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
5. Operation/Control and Indicating
A. Detection
(1) Fire and Overheat Detection
(a) Engine
When the engine Fire Detection Unit (FDU) confirms a fire or an overheat:
When the engine Fire Detection Unit (FDU) confirms a fire or an overheat:
- it triggers warnings on:
. the ENG/APU FIRE panel 1WD (on the overhead panel 20VU),
. the ENG panel (115VU), - the MASTER WARN light comes on,
- a warning comes into view on the upper ECAM DU.
The aural warning sounds.
(b) Auxiliary Power Unit (APU)
When the APU Fire Detection Unit (FDU) confirms a fire or an overheat:
When the APU Fire Detection Unit (FDU) confirms a fire or an overheat:
1 In the cockpit
- it triggers a warning on:
. the ENG/APU FIRE panel 1WD (on the overhead panel 20VU), - the MASTER WARN light comes on,
- a warning comes into view on the upper ECAM DU.
The aural warning sounds.
2 On the ground
- the APU FIRE warning light comes on on the external power panel (108VU).
The aural warning sounds.
(2) Smoke Detection
(a) Avionics Compartment
When the smoke detector confirms a smoke detection:
When the smoke detector confirms a smoke detection:
- it triggered warnings on:
. the VENTILATION section of the overhead panel (22VU),
. the EMER ELEC PWR section of the overhead panel (21VU), - the MASTER CAUT light comes on,
- a warning comes into view on the upper ECAM DU.
The aural warning sounds.
(b) Lavatories
When the CIDS confirms a smoke detection:
When the CIDS confirms a smoke detection:
- the MASTER WARN light comes on,
- a warning comes into view on the upper ECAM DU.
The aural warning sounds.
(3) Fire and Overheat Detection
(a) Engine
When the engine Fire Detection Unit (FDU) confirms a fire or an overheat:
When the engine Fire Detection Unit (FDU) confirms a fire or an overheat:
- it triggers warnings on:
. the ENG/APU FIRE panel (20VU),
. the ENG MASTER control panel (115VU), - the MASTER WARN light comes on,
- a warning comes into view on the upper ECAM DU.
The aural warning sounds.
(b) Auxiliary Power Unit (APU)
When the APU Fire Detection Unit (FDU) confirms a fire or an overheat:
When the APU Fire Detection Unit (FDU) confirms a fire or an overheat:
1 In the cockpit
- it triggers a warning on:
. the ENG/APU FIRE panel (20VU), - the MASTER WARN light comes on,
- a warning comes into view on the upper ECAM DU.
The aural warning sounds.
2 On the ground
- the FIRE warning light comes on on the control panel (108VU).
The aural warning sounds.
(4) Smoke Detection
(a) Avionics Compartment
When the smoke detector confirms a smoke detection:
When the smoke detector confirms a smoke detection:
- it triggered warning on:
. the VENTILATION control panel (22VU),
. the EMER ELEC PWR control panel (21VU), - the MASTER CAUT light comes on,
- a warning comes into view on the upper ECAM DU.
The aural warning sounds.
(b) Lavatories
When the SDCU confirms a smoke detection:
When the SDCU confirms a smoke detection:
- the MASTER WARN light comes on,
- a warning comes into view on the upper ECAM DU.
The aural warning sounds.
(c) Cargo Compartment
When the SDCU confirms a smoke detection:
When the SDCU confirms a smoke detection:
- it triggered warning on:
. the CARGO SMOKE control panel (22VU), - the MASTER WARN light comes on,
- a warning comes into view on the upper ECAM DU.
The aural warning sounds.
B. Extinguishing
(1) Fixed Equipment
(a) Engine
The fire extinguishing system is activated when the fire and overheat detection system detects a fire. The two fire extinguisher bottles are controlled from the cockpit.
During the extinguishing procedure, the extinguishing agent flows in rigid pipes and is immediately sprayed in the engine fire zones.
Thirty seconds later (after the first bottle discharged), if the fire is still present, the pilot fires the second bottle.
The fire procedure is given by the ECAM system.
The fire extinguishing system is activated when the fire and overheat detection system detects a fire. The two fire extinguisher bottles are controlled from the cockpit.
During the extinguishing procedure, the extinguishing agent flows in rigid pipes and is immediately sprayed in the engine fire zones.
Thirty seconds later (after the first bottle discharged), if the fire is still present, the pilot fires the second bottle.
The fire procedure is given by the ECAM system.
(b) Auxiliary Power Unit (APU)
The fire extinguishing system is activated when the fire and overheat detection system detects a fire.
For the APU, the fire extinguishing agent is contained in one fire extinguisher bottle.
During the extinguishing procedure, the extinguishing agent flows in rigid pipes and is immediately sprayed in the APU compartment.
In flight, the extinguishing system is manually activated from the cockpit.
On the ground, the fire and overheat detection system activates the extinguishing system automatically (if there is no action from the cockpit).
The fire extinguishing system is activated when the fire and overheat detection system detects a fire.
For the APU, the fire extinguishing agent is contained in one fire extinguisher bottle.
During the extinguishing procedure, the extinguishing agent flows in rigid pipes and is immediately sprayed in the APU compartment.
In flight, the extinguishing system is manually activated from the cockpit.
On the ground, the fire and overheat detection system activates the extinguishing system automatically (if there is no action from the cockpit).
(c) Lavatories
The lavatory fire extinguishing system is fully automatic. If a fire starts in the waste container, it is contained in the inner metal waste bin.
The lavatory fire extinguishing system is fully automatic. If a fire starts in the waste container, it is contained in the inner metal waste bin.
(d) Cargo Compartment
The fire extinguishing system is activated when smoke warnings occurr. The fire extinguisher bottle is controlled from the cockpit.
During the extinguishing procedure, the extinguishing agent flows in rigid pipes and is sprayed in the cargo compartment.
The fire procedure is given by the ECAM system.
The fire extinguishing system is activated when smoke warnings occurr. The fire extinguisher bottle is controlled from the cockpit.
During the extinguishing procedure, the extinguishing agent flows in rigid pipes and is sprayed in the cargo compartment.
The fire procedure is given by the ECAM system.
(2) Portable fire extinguishers
When a portable fire extinguisher is operated, pressure causes the extinguishing agent to flow up the syphon tube to the operating head. It flows through the operating head to the nozzle, where it is released.
The correct procedure for the extinguisher operation is shown on the extinguisher label.
When a portable fire extinguisher is operated, pressure causes the extinguishing agent to flow up the syphon tube to the operating head. It flows through the operating head to the nozzle, where it is released.
The correct procedure for the extinguisher operation is shown on the extinguisher label.
6. BITE Test
A. Operational test
The operational test can be performed on the ground or in flight.
The test of the detection and extinguishing circuits is done with the related TEST pushbutton switch on the respective overhead panels.
Each engine detection and extinguishing system is monitored by the Fire Detection Unit (FDU) (one per engine).
The APU detection and extinguishing system is monitored by its own FDU.
APU auto-extinguishing circuit can be tested in the cockpit on the maintenance panel (50VU).
Cargo-compartment detection and extinguishing circuits are tested with the related TEST pushbutton switch on the overhead panel (22VU).
Smoke Indicating and Controls of the Cargo Compartment ** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL
Smoke Indicating and Controls of the Cargo Compartment ** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL
The cargo-compartment detection and extinguishing system is monitored by the Smoke Detection Control Unit (SDCU).
Cargo-compartment detection and extinguishing circuits are tested with the related TEST pushbutton switch on the overhead control and indicating panel (22VU).
Smoke Indicating and Controls of the Cargo Compartment ** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL
Smoke Indicating and Controls of the Cargo Compartment ** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL
The cargo-compartment detection and extinguishing system is monitored by the Cabin Intercommunication Data System (CIDS).
The operational test can be performed on the ground or in flight.
The test of the detection and extinguishing circuits is done with the related TEST pushbutton switch on the respective overhead panels.
Each engine detection and extinguishing system is monitored by the Fire Detection Unit (FDU) (one per engine).
The APU detection and extinguishing system is monitored by its own FDU.
APU auto-extinguishing circuit can be tested in the cockpit on the maintenance panel (50VU).
Cargo-compartment detection and extinguishing circuits are tested with the related TEST pushbutton switch on the overhead panel (22VU).
Smoke Indicating and Controls of the Cargo Compartment ** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL Smoke Indicating and Controls of the Cargo Compartment ** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL The cargo-compartment detection and extinguishing system is monitored by the Smoke Detection Control Unit (SDCU).
Cargo-compartment detection and extinguishing circuits are tested with the related TEST pushbutton switch on the overhead control and indicating panel (22VU).
Smoke Indicating and Controls of the Cargo Compartment ** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL Smoke Indicating and Controls of the Cargo Compartment ** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL The cargo-compartment detection and extinguishing system is monitored by the Cabin Intercommunication Data System (CIDS).
B. Built-In Test Equipment (BITE)
See ATA chapter 31-32-00.
The BITE test for each computer is done at power up or when the maintenance test signal is sent from the MCDU. This test can be done only on the ground
See ATA chapter 31-32-00.
The BITE test for each computer is done at power up or when the maintenance test signal is sent from the MCDU. This test can be done only on the ground
See ATA chapter 31-32-00.
The BITE test for each computer is done at power up or when the maintenance test signal is sent from the MCDU. This test can be done only on the ground
See ATA chapter 31-32-00.
The BITE test for each computer is done at power up or when the maintenance test signal is sent from the MCDU. This test can be done only on the ground
(1) Engine and APU detection and extinguishing circuits can be tested from the MCDU.
(2) Smoke detection in lavatory can be tested from the MCDU. The system is monitored by the SDCU.
(3) Smoke detection in avionics compartment can be tested from the MCDU. The system is monitored by the AEVC (see ATA chapter 21-26-00).
(4) Engine and APU detection and extinguishing circuits can be tested from the MCDU.
(5) Smoke detection in lavatory can be tested from the MCDU. The system is monitored by the CIDS.
(6) Smoke detection in avionics compartment can be tested from the MCDU. The system is monitored by the AEVC (see ATA chapter 21-26-00).
(7) Cargo compartment detection and extinguishing circuits can be tested from the MCDU.