DOC AIRBUS | AMM A320FSTORAGE AND DISTRIBUTION - DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL
** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL
** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL
1. General
The oil storage and distribution system supplies filtered, temperature and pressure regulated oil to:
** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL The oil storage and distribution system supplies filtered, temperature and pressure regulated oil to:
- The APU
- The APU generator.
- An integral oil reservoir (gearbox sump) with a magnetic chip detector
- A lube module
- Two oil filters
- Two differential-pressure switches
- An oil cooler
- A de-oil solenoid
- An oil temperature sensor
- An oil heater
- A low oil level switch
- A low oil pressure switch.
2. Component Location
** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL 
Oil System - Component Location| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| FIN | FUNCTIONAL DESIGNATION | PANEL|ZONE|ACCESS | ATA |
| | | | | DOOR | REF. |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 8073KM SWITCH - DIFF. PRESS, GENERATOR 315 315AL/ 49-91-14 |
| SCAVENGE 316AR |
| 8079KM COOLER - OIL 315 315AL/ 49-91-44 |
| 316AR |
A. Storage
(1) The lower part of the accessory drive gearbox (Ref. AMM D/O 49-26-00-00) is the integral oil reservoir of the APU. You can fill the oil reservoir by gravity fill or with a pressure fill device. The gravity fill port, the pressure fill port and the pressure fill overflow port are installed on the engine left side.
You can read the oil level on the oil sight glass. It must be between the FULL and the ADD mark.
The oil quantity of the gearbox at the FULL mark is 6.26 l (1.6537 USgal).
During the gravity fill procedure, the filler is big enough to hold a quart can.
You can read the oil level on the oil sight glass. It must be between the FULL and the ADD mark.
The oil quantity of the gearbox at the FULL mark is 6.26 l (1.6537 USgal).
During the gravity fill procedure, the filler is big enough to hold a quart can.
(2) When the oil level is too low, the low oil level switch transmits a signal to the ECB 59KD (Ref. AMM D/O 49-93-00-00). If the APU is stopped and the aircraft is on the ground, the APU system page of the Electronic Instrument System (EIS) shows the LOW OIL LEVEL advisory message in pulsing green. If the oil quantity is more than the set minimum, nothing shows.
(3) You can also fill the oil reservoir with a (optional) pressure fill device through the pressure fill port.
(4) The oil reservoir has a connection to the ambient air through an air/oil separator. The gear driven air/oil separator is connected through a gearbox vent line to the APU exhaust cone.
(5) The oil drain plug is installed at the lowest point of the gearbox.
The magnetic chip detector is installed in the drain plug. You can remove the drain plug with the chip detector installed. You can also remove the chip detector without the drain plug. The drain plug has a check valve which closes when you remove the chip detector. It is not necessary to drain the oil to check the chip detector.
The magnetic chip detector is installed in the drain plug. You can remove the drain plug with the chip detector installed. You can also remove the chip detector without the drain plug. The drain plug has a check valve which closes when you remove the chip detector. It is not necessary to drain the oil to check the chip detector.
B. Distribution
(1) The oil distribution system consists of:
- a lube module,
- two oil filters,
- an oil cooler,
- a de-oil solenoid.
(2) Oil Pumps
The lube module is attached to a pad on the accessory drive gearbox (Ref. 49-26-00).
The gearbox drives the shaft of the lube module which supplies the mechanical power for its operation.
The lube module gets the oil from the oil reservoir. It passes the oil to the oil cooler and the pressure oil filter.
It regulates the oil pressure and supplies the temperature regulated and filtered oil to the lubrication points of:
The generator scavenge oil is filtered and then passed to the oil reservoir. This makes sure that no contaminated oil returns from the generator to the oil reservoir.
The oil which lubricates the gears, the starter clutch and bearings of the gearbox, is returned to the reservoir.
The lube module is attached to a pad on the accessory drive gearbox (Ref. 49-26-00).
The gearbox drives the shaft of the lube module which supplies the mechanical power for its operation.
The lube module gets the oil from the oil reservoir. It passes the oil to the oil cooler and the pressure oil filter.
It regulates the oil pressure and supplies the temperature regulated and filtered oil to the lubrication points of:
- the APU,
- the load compressor,
- the accessory drive gearbox,
- the starter clutch,
- the APU generator 8XS.
- the turbine,
- the APU generator.
The generator scavenge oil is filtered and then passed to the oil reservoir. This makes sure that no contaminated oil returns from the generator to the oil reservoir.
The oil which lubricates the gears, the starter clutch and bearings of the gearbox, is returned to the reservoir.
(3) Oil Cooler
The oil cooler lowers the temperature of the oil. It is an air/oil heat exchanger which receives the cooling air from the cooling fan. The oil cooler keeps the oil temperature within the limits through all operating conditions.
A thermal bypass valve is installed at the oil cooler inlet. It makes sure that oil with a very low temperature does not flow through the heat exchanger.
The valve is also an oil cooler bypass valve. When the oil cooler is blocked, the oil flows directly to the lubrication oil filter.
The oil cooler lowers the temperature of the oil. It is an air/oil heat exchanger which receives the cooling air from the cooling fan. The oil cooler keeps the oil temperature within the limits through all operating conditions.
A thermal bypass valve is installed at the oil cooler inlet. It makes sure that oil with a very low temperature does not flow through the heat exchanger.
The valve is also an oil cooler bypass valve. When the oil cooler is blocked, the oil flows directly to the lubrication oil filter.
(4) Filters
The distribution system has two oil filters:
The generator scavenge oil-filter cleans unwanted materials from the generator scavenge oil. This makes sure that the generator contaminated oil is not returned to the gearbox.
Each oil filter has a bypass valve which opens when the filter element is clogged.
Differential pressure switches on the filter housings transmit a signal to the CFDS if the filter element is clogged.
The distribution system has two oil filters:
- the pressure oil filter,
- the generator scavenge oil-filter.
The generator scavenge oil-filter cleans unwanted materials from the generator scavenge oil. This makes sure that the generator contaminated oil is not returned to the gearbox.
Each oil filter has a bypass valve which opens when the filter element is clogged.
Differential pressure switches on the filter housings transmit a signal to the CFDS if the filter element is clogged.
(5) De-oiling Solenoid Valve
The de-oiling solenoid valve reduces the oil pressure pump load during the APU start, especially during the cold start condition when oil has a high viscosity. The valve is part of the lube module. A solenoid operates the valve position. The ECB controls the solenoid in relation to the de-oiling solenoid logic.
The solenoid valve is open during start up to 60% rpm when
The de-oiling solenoid valve reduces the oil pressure pump load during the APU start, especially during the cold start condition when oil has a high viscosity. The valve is part of the lube module. A solenoid operates the valve position. The ECB controls the solenoid in relation to the de-oiling solenoid logic.
The solenoid valve is open during start up to 60% rpm when
- the oil sump temperature is below -6.7 deg.C (19.94 deg.F)
or - the aircraft altitude is more than 20,000 ft,
or - the fuel temperature is below -12.2 deg.C (10.04 deg.F)
4. Interface
The Storage and distribution system has interface with:
** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL The Storage and distribution system has interface with:
- the Accessory Cooling System (Ref. AMM D/O 49-52-00-00),
- the APU Control and Monitoring System (Ref. AMM D/O 49-61-00-00),
- the Oil Indicating System (Ref. AMM D/O 49-93-00-00),
- the Low Oil Pressure and the High Oil Temperature Warning System (Ref. 49-94-00).
5. Component Description
A. Oil Pump
The lube module consists of:
The lube module consists of:
- a high-pressure pump,
- a scavenge pump for the turbine bearing,
- a scavenge pump for the generator,
- oil filters,
- differential pressure switches,
- a high-pressure relief valve and regulator.
(1) This lube module is installed onto the gearbox. The housing has a flange for installation of the fuel control unit. The steel shaft of the pump is spline driven from the gearbox and runs on bronze bushes that are force-lubricated with oil.
(2) The oil pressure regulation-valve is of the spool and sleeve type. It is installed in the lube module and controls the oil pressure
B. Oil Filters
The main components of the oil filter are:
A differential pressure between the inlet and the outlet of the filter of 30 psi (2.0684 bar) to 40 psi (2.7579 bar) causes the switch to transmit a signal to the CFDS.
The differential-pressure bypass valve opens when the pressure increases to more than 55 psi (3.7921 bar) for the lube filter and 100 psi (6.8948 bar) for the generator scavange filter.
The main components of the oil filter are:
- the filter housings,
- the filter elements,
- the differential pressure switches,
- the differential pressure bypass valves.
A differential pressure between the inlet and the outlet of the filter of 30 psi (2.0684 bar) to 40 psi (2.7579 bar) causes the switch to transmit a signal to the CFDS.
The differential-pressure bypass valve opens when the pressure increases to more than 55 psi (3.7921 bar) for the lube filter and 100 psi (6.8948 bar) for the generator scavange filter.
C. Oil Cooler
The main components of the oil cooler are:
A thermal bypass valve is installed at the oil cooler inlet and is extanded at oil temperatures above 77 deg.C (170.60 deg.F). The valve begins to close at an oil temperature of 60 deg.C (140.00 deg.F) and the oil flows through the oil cooler. At a pressure difference of 55 psi (3.7921 bar) to 65 psi (4.4816 bar) over the oil cooler, the valve opens and permits the pressure to decrease.
The main components of the oil cooler are:
- the oil cooler housing,
- the thermal bypass valve.
A thermal bypass valve is installed at the oil cooler inlet and is extanded at oil temperatures above 77 deg.C (170.60 deg.F). The valve begins to close at an oil temperature of 60 deg.C (140.00 deg.F) and the oil flows through the oil cooler. At a pressure difference of 55 psi (3.7921 bar) to 65 psi (4.4816 bar) over the oil cooler, the valve opens and permits the pressure to decrease.
D. Generator Scavenge Pump
The generator scavenge pump is a three element geroter pump installed on the lube module. This scavenge pump returns the generator oil to the APU gearbox sump through the generator filter assembly. The oil from the filter is directed against the wall of the gearbox. This removes the air which is mixed with the oil.
The generator scavenge pump is a three element geroter pump installed on the lube module. This scavenge pump returns the generator oil to the APU gearbox sump through the generator filter assembly. The oil from the filter is directed against the wall of the gearbox. This removes the air which is mixed with the oil.
E. Magnetic Drain Plug
The magnetic plug is a plug with a magnetic chip-detector that is immersed in the APU oil. This is installed into a check valve which prevents oil loss when the magnetic plug is removed for examination.
The magnetic plug is a plug with a magnetic chip-detector that is immersed in the APU oil. This is installed into a check valve which prevents oil loss when the magnetic plug is removed for examination.
F. De-Oil Solenoid Valve
The de-oil solenoid valve is installed above the oil level in the APU gearbox. This permits air to enter the inlet of the oil supply pump for cold start conditions. The air makes sure that the oil supply pump can not prime until 60 % APU speed, this reduces pump drag. This drag slows the on APU acceleration time.
The de-oil solenoid valve is installed above the oil level in the APU gearbox. This permits air to enter the inlet of the oil supply pump for cold start conditions. The air makes sure that the oil supply pump can not prime until 60 % APU speed, this reduces pump drag. This drag slows the on APU acceleration time.
G. Oil Filler Ports
The APU has a gravity fill port and a pressure fill port installed on the left side of the gearbox. You can put oil into the APU through either of the two fill ports.
The APU has a gravity fill port and a pressure fill port installed on the left side of the gearbox. You can put oil into the APU through either of the two fill ports.
H. Oil Sight Glass
The oil sight glass is installed on the left side of the gearbox. ADD and FULL marks on the plate show when oil must be added.
The oil sight glass is installed on the left side of the gearbox. ADD and FULL marks on the plate show when oil must be added.
6. Operation/Control and Indicating
When the APU start sequence is initiated (Ref. AMM D/O 49-42-00-00) the lube module gets oil from the oil reservoir. The oil passes to the oil cooler, then to the filter which retains any particles contained in the oil.
The de-oil solenoid valve opens during start up to 60% rpm when:
The oil lubricates and cools the following components:
If the pump pressure exceeds a given value, the pressure regulating valve opens and returns the excess oil into the oil reservoir.
If the oil cooler is blocked, or the oil does not pass through as it should, the pressure relief valve opens and relief the oil back to the suction side of the pressure pump.
When the APU start sequence is initiated (Ref. AMM D/O 49-42-00-00) the lube module gets oil from the oil reservoir. The oil passes to the oil cooler, then to the filter which retains any particles contained in the oil.
The de-oil solenoid valve opens during start up to 60% rpm when:
- the oil sump temperature is below -6.7 deg.C (19.94 deg.F)
or - the aircraft altitude is more than 20,000 ft
or - the fuel temperature is below -12.2 deg.C (10.04 deg.F).
The oil lubricates and cools the following components:
- the APU generator,
- the cooling fan,
- the gearbox gears and bearings,
- the forward bearing and the turbine bearing.
If the pump pressure exceeds a given value, the pressure regulating valve opens and returns the excess oil into the oil reservoir.
If the oil cooler is blocked, or the oil does not pass through as it should, the pressure relief valve opens and relief the oil back to the suction side of the pressure pump.