DOC AIRBUS | AMM A320FAPU FUEL CONTROL - DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL
** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL
1. General
The APU fuel control system operates fully automatically. During APU operation, the FCU, which is governed by the ECB, meters the fuel dependent on the APU load condition. The flow divider assy distributes the fuel via both fuel manifolds to the fuel nozzles. During APU start-up/shut-down, the FCU increases/reduces the quantity of fuel delivered to the flow divider assy. During APU start, the flow divider assy passes fuel to the combustion chamber via the primary fuel manifold only.
** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL The APU fuel control system operates fully automatically. During APU operation, the FCU, which is governed by the ECB, meters the fuel dependent on the APU load condition. The flow divider assy distributes the fuel via both fuel manifolds to the fuel nozzles. During APU start-up/shut-down, the FCU increases/reduces the quantity of fuel delivered to the flow divider assy. During APU start, the flow divider assy passes fuel to the combustion chamber via the primary fuel manifold only.
2. Component Location
** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL 
APU Fuel System - Component Location| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| FIN | FUNCTIONAL DESIGNATION | PANEL|ZONE|ACCESS | ATA |
| | | | | DOOR | REF. |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 4005KM2 FUEL CONTROL UNIT (FCU) 315 315AL 49-32-11 |
| 4005KM1 FLOW DIVIDER 315 315AL 49-32-12 |
3. System Description
The FCU filters and pressurizes the fuel, delivered by the A/C fuel system, to operate the APU. During APU operation the FCU supplies the correct amount of fuel to support:
The FCU is controlled by operating schedules of the ECB to meet the different fuel demands of varying APU operating conditions.
The metered and filtered fuel is distributed to the Flow Divider Assy, from where it is passed to the combustion chamber, via the fuel manifolds (primary/secondary).
Additionally the FCU supplies high-pressure fuel for hydraulic operation of the Inlet Guide Vane (IGV) actuator and the Surge Control Valve (SCV) actuator.
** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL The FCU filters and pressurizes the fuel, delivered by the A/C fuel system, to operate the APU. During APU operation the FCU supplies the correct amount of fuel to support:
- the initial combustion,
- the programmed acceleration
- and the on-speed governing
The FCU is controlled by operating schedules of the ECB to meet the different fuel demands of varying APU operating conditions.
The metered and filtered fuel is distributed to the Flow Divider Assy, from where it is passed to the combustion chamber, via the fuel manifolds (primary/secondary).
Additionally the FCU supplies high-pressure fuel for hydraulic operation of the Inlet Guide Vane (IGV) actuator and the Surge Control Valve (SCV) actuator.
4. Component Description
A. Fuel Control Unit
The Fuel Control Unit (FCU) consists of the following main components:
The pump relieve valve ensures that exceeding fuel pressure is bypassed to the fuel inlet to prevent damage.
The fuel pressure for the IGV actuator operation and the SCV actuator operation is regulated by the actuator pressure regulator.
The APU fuel metering is achieved by the TMMV. The TMMV current is controlled by the ECB. Increasing current moves a clevis to increase the outlet port area and decreasing current decreases the outlet port area. The accuracy of the TMMV is enhanced by the flowmeter pressurizing valve signal. The ECB uses this signal to adjust the TMMV current.
The RTD is installed downstream of the TMMV. The RTD measures the fuel temperature and allows the ECB to correct the flowmeter information in relation to the fuel temperature.
The delta pressure regulator maintains a constant pressure drop across the TMMV. It also routes non-metered fuel back to the pump inlet.
The fuel flow rate of the TMMV outlet is measured by the flowmeter pressurizing valve, which is linked to a resolver. The resolver sends an electric signal to the ECB in relation to the fuel flow.
The direct current driven three way shutoff solenoid valve receives signals from the ECB. In the normally closed position it provides a shutoff function by redirecting the metered flow back to the pump inlet. When activated by the ECB it opens a path for the metered fuel flow coming out of the flowmeter pressurizing valve.
The FCU is attached to the lube pump module with a quick release V-clamp. The high pressure pump is driven by an oil lubricated splined drive shaft.
The Fuel Control Unit (FCU) consists of the following main components:
- a low-pressure inlet fuel filter,
- a high-pressure fuel pump,
- a high-pressure fuel screen,
- a pump relieve valve,
- an actuator pressure regulator (for hydraulic fuel operation)
- a Torque-Motor Metering Valve (TMMV).
- a Resistive Temperature Device (RTD),
- a delta pressure regulator,
- a flowmeter pressurizing valve,
- a fuel-shutoff solenoid valve.
The pump relieve valve ensures that exceeding fuel pressure is bypassed to the fuel inlet to prevent damage.
The fuel pressure for the IGV actuator operation and the SCV actuator operation is regulated by the actuator pressure regulator.
The APU fuel metering is achieved by the TMMV. The TMMV current is controlled by the ECB. Increasing current moves a clevis to increase the outlet port area and decreasing current decreases the outlet port area. The accuracy of the TMMV is enhanced by the flowmeter pressurizing valve signal. The ECB uses this signal to adjust the TMMV current.
The RTD is installed downstream of the TMMV. The RTD measures the fuel temperature and allows the ECB to correct the flowmeter information in relation to the fuel temperature.
The delta pressure regulator maintains a constant pressure drop across the TMMV. It also routes non-metered fuel back to the pump inlet.
The fuel flow rate of the TMMV outlet is measured by the flowmeter pressurizing valve, which is linked to a resolver. The resolver sends an electric signal to the ECB in relation to the fuel flow.
The direct current driven three way shutoff solenoid valve receives signals from the ECB. In the normally closed position it provides a shutoff function by redirecting the metered flow back to the pump inlet. When activated by the ECB it opens a path for the metered fuel flow coming out of the flowmeter pressurizing valve.
The FCU is attached to the lube pump module with a quick release V-clamp. The high pressure pump is driven by an oil lubricated splined drive shaft.
A. APU Fuel System
For a usual start, operation or a second start, the fuel pressure at the APU fuel inlet is:
For a usual start, operation or a second start, the fuel pressure at the APU fuel inlet is:
- a minimum 1,03 bar (15 psi) absolute (to ensure at least 0,69 bar (10 psi) above true vapour pressure),
- maximum 3,5 bar (51 psi) gauge.
(1) Set the MASTER SW 14KD to the ON position. When you push the APU START switch 2KA, the engine starts to turn. At 7% engine speed, the ECB 59KD energizes the fuel shut off solenoid valve to the open position and fuel from the pressurizing valve of the FCU will flow to the Flow Divider Assy. At the same time, the ECB 59KD energizes the ignition system. The fuel flows from the Fuel Divider Assy to the primary inlet of the fuel nozzles, combustion occurs and the engine continues to accelerate.
(2) At 50% engine speed (above 20,000 ft at 58%), the ECB 59KD de-energizes the starter motor 8 KA. The engine continues to accelerate under its own power to governed speed. The fuel speed and proportional governors in the ECB 59KD transmit a signal to the FCU. The FCU controls the fuel flow to gain a steady acceleration.
(3) As the engine accelerates, the ECB 59KD transmits a signal to the TMMV of the FCU. The TMMV of the FCU then controls the metered fuel flow. The fuel acceleration control in the ECB 59KD keeps the necessary fuel flow until the engine gets to governed speed.
The engine accelerates, the fuel flow increases to a set level and the check valve of the Flow Divider Assy opens at 120 psi (8.2737 bar). This permits a fuel flow to the secondary fuel manifold, then the primary and secondary inlet of the fuel nozzles are supplied with fuel.
The engine accelerates, the fuel flow increases to a set level and the check valve of the Flow Divider Assy opens at 120 psi (8.2737 bar). This permits a fuel flow to the secondary fuel manifold, then the primary and secondary inlet of the fuel nozzles are supplied with fuel.