DOC AIRBUS | AMM A320FENGINE BLEED AIR SUPPLY SYSTEM - DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL
** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL
** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL
** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL
** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL
1. General
The function of the engine bleed air supply system is:
** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL The function of the engine bleed air supply system is:
- Select one of the two different compressor stages of the engine HP compressor in agreement with the supplied pressure.
- Control the bleed air pressure in order to prevent too high pressures.
- Control the bleed air temperature in order to prevent too high temperatures.
2. Component Location
The PRV is found downstream of the HPV and is attached to the 4th and 10th stage bleed air duct (AP62) on the high pressure compressor at the 2 o'clock position.
The IPC valve is installed between the 4th stage bleed air duct (AP60) and the 10th stage bleed air duct (AP62) at approximately the 4 o'clock position.
The 11th stage compressor bleed air duct (AP61) is R attached to the diffuser case ports at the 3 and 4 o'clock positions.
The 3rd stage bleed air duct (AP60) is attached to the R high pressure compressor rear case ports at the 1 and 2 o'clock positions.
The 3rd and 8th stage bleed air duct (AP62) is R attached to the IPC valve, HPV and the PRV at the R 10 o'clock position on the diffuser case.
The HPV bleed air duct (AP63) is attached to the PRV on R the downstream side at the 11 o'clock position on the diffuser case.
** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL 
Component Location - CockpitNOTE: The High Pressure Bleed Valve (HPV), Pressure Regulator Valve (PRV) and Intermediate Pressure Bleed Check Valve (IPC) are Buyer-Furnished Equipment (BFE).
The HPV is installed on the diffuser case at the 4 o'clock position. The PRV is found downstream of the HPV and is attached to the 4th and 10th stage bleed air duct (AP62) on the high pressure compressor at the 2 o'clock position.
The IPC valve is installed between the 4th stage bleed air duct (AP60) and the 10th stage bleed air duct (AP62) at approximately the 4 o'clock position.
The 11th stage compressor bleed air duct (AP61) is R attached to the diffuser case ports at the 3 and 4 o'clock positions.
The 3rd stage bleed air duct (AP60) is attached to the R high pressure compressor rear case ports at the 1 and 2 o'clock positions.
The 3rd and 8th stage bleed air duct (AP62) is R attached to the IPC valve, HPV and the PRV at the R 10 o'clock position on the diffuser case.
The HPV bleed air duct (AP63) is attached to the PRV on R the downstream side at the 11 o'clock position on the diffuser case.
| FIN | FUNCTIONAL DESIGNATION | PANEL | ZONE | ACCESS DOOR | ATA REF |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ** ON A/C ALL | |||||
| 1HA1 | BMC-1 | 95VU | 121 | 36-11-34 | |
| 1HA2 | BMC-2 | 96VU | 122 | 36-11-34 | |
| 6HA1 | SENSOR-EXCHANGER OUT TEMP, ENG 1 | 415 | 36-11-17 | ||
| 6HA2 | SENSOR-EXCHANGER OUT TEMP, ENG 2 | 425 | 36-11-17 | ||
| 7HA1 | XDCR-BLEED TRANSFER PRESS, ENG 1 | 471 | 36-11-15 | ||
| 7HA2 | XDCR-BLEED TRANSFER PRESS, ENG 2 | 481 | 36-11-15 | ||
| 8HA1 | XDCR-BLEED REGULATED PRESS, ENG 1 | 471 | 36-11-16 | ||
| 8HA2 | XDCR-BLEED REGULATED PRESS, ENG 2 | 481 | 36-11-16 | ||
| 9HA1 | VALVE-FAN AIR, ENG1 | 471 | 36-11-54 | ||
| 9HA2 | VALVE-FAN AIR, ENG2 | 481 | 36-11-54 | ||
| 4000HA1 | VALVE-HP BLEED, ENG 1 | 453 | 36-11-51 | ||
| 4000HA2 | VALVE-HP BLEED, ENG 2 | 463 | 36-11-51 | ||
| 4001HA1 | VALVE-BLEED PRESS REG, ENG 1 | 453 | 36-11-52 | ||
| 4001HA2 | VALVE-BLEED PRESS REG, ENG 2 | 463 | 36-11-52 | ||
| 7150HM1 | EXCHANGER-BLEED AIR PRECOOL | 423 | 36-11-42 | ||
| 7150HM2 | EXCHANGER-BLEED AIR PRECOOL | 423 | 36-11-42 | ||
| 7115HM1 | VALVE-OVERPRESSURE, ENG 1 | 471 | 36-11-53 | ||
| 7115HM2 | VALVE-OVERPRESSURE, ENG 2 | 481 | 36-11-53 | ||
| 7120HM1 | BODY-FAN AIR VALVE, ENG1 | 471 | 36-11-54 | ||
| 7120HM2 | BODY-FAN AIR VALVE, ENG2 | 481 | 36-11-54 | ||
| 18HA1 | XDCR-BLEED DIFFERENTIAL PRESS, ENG1 | 471 | 36-11-18 | ||
| 18HA2 | XDCR-BLEED DIFFERENTIAL PRESS, ENG2 | 481 | 36-11-18 | ||
3. System Description
Air is usually bled from an Intermediate Pressure (IP) stage of the engine High Pressure (HP) compressor to minimize engine pressure losses. This is the usual engine air-bleed configuration.
When the HPV is open, the HP stage pressure goes into the pneumatic ducting and closes the IPC valve. Air is then bled from the HP stage only.
The HPV operates pneumatically and is electrically controlled.
The PRV is installed in the duct downstream of the IPC valve and the HPV. The PRV also operates pneumatically but opening and closing can be controlled by a control solenoid.
Downstream of the PRV, an Overpressure Valve (OPV) is installed to prevent the pneumatic system against damage if overpressure occurs. To keep the temperature in the limits, a Fan Air Valve (FAV) is installed in the cooling air duct which supplies fan air to the precooler exchanger. The FAV operates pneumatically and is controlled by the BMC which take the data of the Bleed Temperature Sensor (BTS).
Two pressure transducers are installed on a bracket adjacent to the precooler exchanger. One Bleed-Manifold Pressure Sensor (BMPS) is connected with a sense line to the pneumatic duct downstream of the HPV, the Bleed Pressure Sensor (BPS) is connected with a sense line to the pneumatic duct downstream of the PRV. A Bleed Temperature Sensor (BTS) is installed in the elbow of the pneumatic duct in the pylon downstream of the precooler exchanger. The two pressure transducers are connected to the Bleed-air Monitoring Computers (BMC) by an electrical cable.
Bleed air at controlled pressure and temperature is supplied through insulated ducts to the user as specified in (Ref. AMM D/O 36-00-00-00).
** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL Air is usually bled from an Intermediate Pressure (IP) stage of the engine High Pressure (HP) compressor to minimize engine pressure losses. This is the usual engine air-bleed configuration.
- The IP stage is between the 3rd/4th HP compressor stages. At low engine speeds, when the pressure from the IP stage is not sufficient, air is automatically bled from a higher compressor stage (HP stage). This occurs specially at some aircraft holding points and during descent, with engines at idle.
- The HP stage is between the 8th/10th HP compressor stages. Transfer of bleed air is got with a pneumatically-operated and electrically commanded butterfly valve, designated HPV (4000HA).
When the HPV is open, the HP stage pressure goes into the pneumatic ducting and closes the IPC valve. Air is then bled from the HP stage only.
The HPV operates pneumatically and is electrically controlled.
The PRV is installed in the duct downstream of the IPC valve and the HPV. The PRV also operates pneumatically but opening and closing can be controlled by a control solenoid.
Downstream of the PRV, an Overpressure Valve (OPV) is installed to prevent the pneumatic system against damage if overpressure occurs. To keep the temperature in the limits, a Fan Air Valve (FAV) is installed in the cooling air duct which supplies fan air to the precooler exchanger. The FAV operates pneumatically and is controlled by the BMC which take the data of the Bleed Temperature Sensor (BTS).
Two pressure transducers are installed on a bracket adjacent to the precooler exchanger. One Bleed-Manifold Pressure Sensor (BMPS) is connected with a sense line to the pneumatic duct downstream of the HPV, the Bleed Pressure Sensor (BPS) is connected with a sense line to the pneumatic duct downstream of the PRV. A Bleed Temperature Sensor (BTS) is installed in the elbow of the pneumatic duct in the pylon downstream of the precooler exchanger. The two pressure transducers are connected to the Bleed-air Monitoring Computers (BMC) by an electrical cable.
Bleed air at controlled pressure and temperature is supplied through insulated ducts to the user as specified in (Ref. AMM D/O 36-00-00-00).
4. Interfaces
Pneumatic Interfaces:
** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL Pneumatic Interfaces:
- Fan bypass air
- 3rd/4th stage air at high engine power
- 8th/10th stage air at low engine power.
5. Component Description
(1) The HPV is a butterfly type valve with a diameter of 4 IN. (101.5998 MM) which operates as a shutoff and a PRV. It is electrically controlled to keep it in the closed position, if there is no upstream pressure. A minimum pressure of 15 psig (bar rel.) is necessary to open the valve.
The HPV pneumatically keeps the downstream static pressure to 65 plus or minus 12 psig (bar rel.). If the upstream pressure is over 120 psig (bar rel.), the HPV does not close. It continues to keep the downstream pressure at the same values. The BMC controls the HPV and the PRV to make sure that the HPV will close when the PRV (which can be controlled) is closed.
The HPV pneumatically keeps the downstream static pressure to 65 plus or minus 12 psig (bar rel.). If the upstream pressure is over 120 psig (bar rel.), the HPV does not close. It continues to keep the downstream pressure at the same values. The BMC controls the HPV and the PRV to make sure that the HPV will close when the PRV (which can be controlled) is closed.
(2) Detailed Description
The HPV contains three primary parts:
The HPV contains three primary parts:
- A valve body
- A pneumatic actuator
- A regulator assembly.
(a) Valve body
The valve body is made of Inconel and has a butterfly plate that moves on hybrid ball bearings on an inclined axis. A pneumatic actuator operates the ball bearings.
The valve body is made of Inconel and has a butterfly plate that moves on hybrid ball bearings on an inclined axis. A pneumatic actuator operates the ball bearings.
(b) Pneumatic actuator
The differential double-effect pneumatic-actuator is made of stainless steel. It has a piston that separates a closing chamber and an opening chamber, and the cylinder assembly.
The differential double-effect pneumatic-actuator is made of stainless steel. It has a piston that separates a closing chamber and an opening chamber, and the cylinder assembly.
(c) Regulator assembly
The regulator assembly has these components:
The regulator assembly has these components:
- A pressure reducer, which supplies a constant pressure to the actuator
- An ON/OFF solenoid which moves the reduced pressure into the opening chamber (solenoid energized) or releases the pressure from the opening chamber (solenoid de-energized), and then the IP pressure, applied directly into the closing chamber, closes the valve.
(d) Opening/closing
The upstream muscle pressure is put inside the upstream side of the HPV body. The minimum upstream muscle pressure that is necessary for the operation of the valve is 15 psig. When the solenoid is not energized, the HPV is commanded to the fully closed position. The downstream pressure is put inside the HPV downstream duct and feeds the actuator closing chamber through a sense line.
The upstream muscle pressure is put inside the upstream side of the HPV body. The minimum upstream muscle pressure that is necessary for the operation of the valve is 15 psig. When the solenoid is not energized, the HPV is commanded to the fully closed position. The downstream pressure is put inside the HPV downstream duct and feeds the actuator closing chamber through a sense line.
(3) Controls and Indications
HPV operation is pneumatic and electrical. The lower ECAM display unit shows its position (open or closed) on the BLEED page
The two BMCs monitor and command the operation of the HPV by the control solenoid installed in the body of the valve. They receive and process the signals and transmit the information per data bus by the System Data Acquisition-Concentrator (SDAC) to the ECAM system which be the system display (Ref. AMM D/O 36-20-00-00).
Additionally, they transmit the information to the Centralized Fault-Display Interface-Unit (CFDIU). The CFDIU supply maintenance information which is shown on the MultiFunction Control Display-Unit (MCDU) if the MCDU MENU is selected.
HPV operation is pneumatic and electrical. The lower ECAM display unit shows its position (open or closed) on the BLEED page
The two BMCs monitor and command the operation of the HPV by the control solenoid installed in the body of the valve. They receive and process the signals and transmit the information per data bus by the System Data Acquisition-Concentrator (SDAC) to the ECAM system which be the system display (Ref. AMM D/O 36-20-00-00).
Additionally, they transmit the information to the Centralized Fault-Display Interface-Unit (CFDIU). The CFDIU supply maintenance information which is shown on the MultiFunction Control Display-Unit (MCDU) if the MCDU MENU is selected.
B. Bleed-Pressure Regulator Valve (PRV)
(1) The PRV is a 4 in. dia. butterfly-type valve, electrically controlled to closed if there is not upstream pressure. A minimum upstream pressure of 15 psig is necessary to open the valve.
(2) The valve consists of the primary parts that follow:
- A valve body with a butterfly plate moved on hybrid ball bearing on an inclined axis, operated by a pneumatic actuator.
- The body of the valve has an upstream pressure tapping, integral with the valve, for supply of the pneumatic actuator. The valve body and the valve shaft are made of Inconel, the butterfly plate is made of high temperature stainless steel material.
- A double effect, differential area, pneumatic actuator, formed by cylinders and piston, separating and opening chamber and a closing chamber from ambient pressure. The pneumatic actuator body is made of stainless steel material.
- A servo-pressure-regulator supply a constant pressure for torque motor modulation.
- The PRV is a fireproof valve.
(3) The PRV pneumatically controls the downstream pressure to 51 ++9 psi or --9 psi (3.52 ++0.62 bar or --0.62 bar) for the regulated pressure range for the bleed operation.
The BMC control the HPV to close position if the PRV is closed or controlled to close. The thermal fuse installed in the valve body causes the valve to close at 450 plus or minus 25 deg.C.
- The pressure regulation target is 42 psi (2.90 bar) for the two bleeds in operation or 50 psi (3.45 bar) for one bleed in operation.
- For the normal bleed operation the electrical supply to the torque motor will be the same as for the 42 psi (2.90 bar) of the downstream pressure.
- When the torque-motor is not energized.
- When the torque-motor is energized but without pressure in the valve body.
- Over temperature downstream of the precooler exchanger 257 ++3 DEG.C or --3 DEG.C (494.60 ++5.40 DEG.F or --5.40 DEG.F) (60s delay).
- Overpressure downstream of the PRV 57 ++3 psi or --3 psi (3.93 ++0.21 bar or --0.21 bar) (15s delay).
- Ambient overheat in pylon/wing/fuselage ducts surrounding areas.
- APU bleed valve not closed.
- Corresponding starter valve not closed.
- No bleed requirements.
It is controlled in closed position by crew action on: - ENG FIRE pushbutton switch
- ENG BLEED pushbutton switch.
The BMC control the HPV to close position if the PRV is closed or controlled to close. The thermal fuse installed in the valve body causes the valve to close at 450 plus or minus 25 deg.C.
C. Solenoid HP Bleed
(1) Solenoid HP Bleed Override
Not Applicable.
Not Applicable.
(2) Detailed Description
The PRV contains three primary parts:
The PRV contains three primary parts:
- A valve body
- A pneumatic actuator
- A regulator assembly.
(a) Regulation
The upstream pressure supplies chamber of the regulator through a jet to control the position of the clapper and maintain constant air pressure in the actuator opening chamber.
The regulator calibration can be changed by the secondary stage of the regulator which is pneumatically connected to the bleed pressure sensor. As clapper remains in contact with its seat, downstream pressure still supplies the actuator closing chamber despite a reduced-pressure air value lower than the nominal regulation threshold.
The test intake is used for checking correct valve operation on the ground by directly supplying the regulator.
The downstream pressure supplies the actuator closing chamber through distribution clapper. Indeed when downstream pressure get the value determined by spring pre-loaded.
The upstream pressure supplies chamber of the regulator through a jet to control the position of the clapper and maintain constant air pressure in the actuator opening chamber.
The regulator calibration can be changed by the secondary stage of the regulator which is pneumatically connected to the bleed pressure sensor. As clapper remains in contact with its seat, downstream pressure still supplies the actuator closing chamber despite a reduced-pressure air value lower than the nominal regulation threshold.
The test intake is used for checking correct valve operation on the ground by directly supplying the regulator.
The downstream pressure supplies the actuator closing chamber through distribution clapper. Indeed when downstream pressure get the value determined by spring pre-loaded.
(b) Opening/Closing
Reduced pressure air supplies chamber of the opening/closing sub assembly though a jet to control the position of the clapper against its lower seat position and let the HPV actuator opening chamber supply with reduced pressure air.
When chamber is released to ambient the clapper get out of its lower seat position and reduced pressure air is let to supply the HPV actuator closing chamber.
Reduced pressure air supplies chamber of the opening/closing sub assembly though a jet to control the position of the clapper against its lower seat position and let the HPV actuator opening chamber supply with reduced pressure air.
When chamber is released to ambient the clapper get out of its lower seat position and reduced pressure air is let to supply the HPV actuator closing chamber.
(c) Safety devices and indications
A thermal fuse let to release to ambient chamber of the opening/closing subassembly. This causes the valve to close.
The PRV has an upstream pressure test port which let you to do an "in situ" test.
A manual override let you to close the valve mechanically on the ground.
A thermal fuse let to release to ambient chamber of the opening/closing subassembly. This causes the valve to close.
The PRV has an upstream pressure test port which let you to do an "in situ" test.
A manual override let you to close the valve mechanically on the ground.
(3) Control and Indication
PRV operation is pneumatically operated and electrically commanded. The PRV can be controlled in close position from the AIR COND overhead control panel. The pushbutton switches (ENG 1 (2) BLEED) energize/de-energize the solenoid. The lower ECAM display unit identify its position on the BLEED page.
The two BMCs monitor the operation of the PRV closed/open and regulated pressure level. They receive and process the signals and transmit the information per data bus by the SDAC to the ECAM system which controls the system display (Ref. AMM D/O 36-20-00-00).
Additionally, they transmit the information to the CFDIU. The CFDIU gives maintenance information which is shown on the MCDU if the MCDU MENU is selected.
PRV operation is pneumatically operated and electrically commanded. The PRV can be controlled in close position from the AIR COND overhead control panel. The pushbutton switches (ENG 1 (2) BLEED) energize/de-energize the solenoid. The lower ECAM display unit identify its position on the BLEED page.
The two BMCs monitor the operation of the PRV closed/open and regulated pressure level. They receive and process the signals and transmit the information per data bus by the SDAC to the ECAM system which controls the system display (Ref. AMM D/O 36-20-00-00).
Additionally, they transmit the information to the CFDIU. The CFDIU gives maintenance information which is shown on the MCDU if the MCDU MENU is selected.
D. Bleed Pressure Sensor (BPS)
(1) The Bleed Pressure Sensor (BPS) is a silicon type sensor with integrated interface, temperature compensated, supplied from 28 VDC.
- A sense line is installed between the BPS and the pressure tapping which is installed connecting the pressure regulated valve, the intermediate valve and the overpressure valve.
(2) Function
(a) The bleed-pressure sensor monitoring the pressure and closed loop control, as overpressure as low pressure.
It is also used to monitoring the position of the switchless OPV.
It is also used to monitoring the position of the switchless OPV.
E. Differential Pressure Sensor (DPS)
(1) The DPS is a silicon type sensor with integrated interface (output voltage), temperature compensated, supplied from 28 VDC.
(a) The flow detection differential-pressure sensor is connected by two sense lines:
- One is tapped upstream of the precooler.
- The other one is downstream of the precooler.
(2) Function
The function of the DPS is monitor the pressure, control the PRV position and make sure that no reverse flow occur.
The function of the DPS is monitor the pressure, control the PRV position and make sure that no reverse flow occur.
F. Bleed Temperature Sensor (BTS)
(1) The BTS is a dual element immersion type with two electrical connectors, each sensing element is of the 2-wire type.
- Engraved marking must be visible when the sensor is installed, two faces have to be engraved to let visibility on all installations.
- The wiring connected to channel A of the BTS is fully segregated from the wiring connected to channel B this means that the wiring passed thought different connectors all the way through from the BTS to BMC.
(2) Function
- Bleed-air temperature regulation-control and monitoring (low and high temperature warning).
(1) The OPV is a pneumatic-butterfly shut-off valve, spring loaded open. The OPV has a one effect pneumatic actuator and an overpressure clapper valve.
- The overpressure clapper supplies the closing chamber of the actuator in case of bleed overpressure. Due to differential areas into this clapper.
- The OPV reopening only for pressure significantly lower than the overpressure setting.
(a) The OPV contains two primary parts:
- A valve body
- An actuator assembly.
(b) Pressure working:
- To closure between 75 psi (5.1711 bar) and 85 psi (5.8605 bar), closing time 4 sec.
- To re-opening between 43 psi (2.9647 bar) and 59 psi (4.0679 bar), time < 2 sec.
(c) The OPV has a test port which serves to do an "in situ" test.
(3) Controls and Indication
OPV operation is fully pneumatic. It cannot be controlled from the cockpit.
OPV operation is fully pneumatic. It cannot be controlled from the cockpit.
(1) The precooler is a compact plate and heat exchange cross flow type that have one path on both cold and hot air sides.
(2) Detailed Description
(a) Function
The precooler cool the hot air bled from the engine compressors by a heat exchange process using cold air from the engine fan.
The precooler cool the hot air bled from the engine compressors by a heat exchange process using cold air from the engine fan.
(b) Primary Components:
- A core made of 29 cold flow layers and 28 hot flow layers
- Hot inlet and outlet headers
- Mixer at PCE hot side outlet side
- Cold inlet and outlet flanges
- 4 shock absorbers to let thermal expansion of the PCE.
I. Fan Air Valve (FAV)
(1) The FAV is a 6 in. dia. butterfly-type valve, usually spring - loaded closed if there is not pressure. A minimum upstream pressure of 8 psig is necessary to open the valve. The FAV adjust the downstream precooler exchanger temperature to 200 plus or minus 15 deg.C (27 deg.F).
(2) Detailed description
The FAV contains these primary parts:
The FAV contains these primary parts:
- A FAV body
- A rod
- A FAV actuator.
(a) Regulation
A bleed temperature sensor is installed downstream of the precooler exchanger. The bleed temperature sensor senses the hot air temperature and sends a pressure signal to the valve related to the precooler cooling air. The FAV butterfly changes its position from fully closed to fully open to keep the temperature value of bleed air in limits.
The pressure in the cylinder is controlled by the pneumatic servo regulator and the torque-motor controlled servo-valve.
The servo-valve controls the leakage of the cylinder pressure overboard. The muscle pressure is supplied to the regulator by a pneumatic connection from the downstream of the hot side of the precooler.
The FAV body goes to the full closed without the muscle pressure.
The FAV body goes to the fully open with the muscle pressure but without the current on the torque motor.
A bleed temperature sensor is installed downstream of the precooler exchanger. The bleed temperature sensor senses the hot air temperature and sends a pressure signal to the valve related to the precooler cooling air. The FAV butterfly changes its position from fully closed to fully open to keep the temperature value of bleed air in limits.
The pressure in the cylinder is controlled by the pneumatic servo regulator and the torque-motor controlled servo-valve.
The servo-valve controls the leakage of the cylinder pressure overboard. The muscle pressure is supplied to the regulator by a pneumatic connection from the downstream of the hot side of the precooler.
The FAV body goes to the full closed without the muscle pressure.
The FAV body goes to the fully open with the muscle pressure but without the current on the torque motor.
(b) Safety devices and indications
A manual override controls the valve mechanically to close it on the ground. A thermal fuse installed on the valve body closes the valve if the nacelle temperature gets to a value of 450 -25 DEG.C or +25 DEG.C (842 -45 DEG.F or +45 DEG.F).
A manual override controls the valve mechanically to close it on the ground. A thermal fuse installed on the valve body closes the valve if the nacelle temperature gets to a value of 450 -25 DEG.C or +25 DEG.C (842 -45 DEG.F or +45 DEG.F).
J. Bleed Manifold Pressure Sensor (BMPS)
(1) Function
The BMPS is a silicon type sensor with integrated interface, temperature compensated, supplied from 28VDC.
The BMPS is connected by a pneumatic sense line to pressure tapping on the bleed T-Ducts, upstream the pressure regulating valve.
The BMPS is a silicon type sensor with integrated interface, temperature compensated, supplied from 28VDC.
The BMPS is connected by a pneumatic sense line to pressure tapping on the bleed T-Ducts, upstream the pressure regulating valve.
K. Bleed Monitor Control (BMC)
(1) The BMC is a 2 MCU ARINC 600 controller embedding two channels:
CHB is a fully hardware part able to detect the system overtemperature. This detection is fully independent from software part.
- Digital control channel (CHA)
- Hardware safety channel (CHB).
CHB is a fully hardware part able to detect the system overtemperature. This detection is fully independent from software part.
(2) BMC internal architecture
(a) CHA is a digital board embedding:
1 A microcontroller and associated peripherals.
2 I/O necessary for the control of the system and interface with other aircraft systems:
- Discrete inputs/outputs
- Analogue inputs
- Leak detection loop inputs
- Torque motor/solenoid for electro-pneumatic valves
- Arinc I/O for communication with A/C systems.
(3) CHB is an analogue board embedding full hardware Electrical Protection Functions (EPF).
- These EPFs are based on a hardware comparator whose output is activated as soon as associated input sensor gets a critical threshold.
L. IP Bleed Check Valve
(1) The IP bleed check valve prevents diffuser bleed air from flowing into the mid-stage bleed duct when the HP bleed valve is open.
(2) The IP bleed check valve is a split flapper-type one-way valve. At low power settings, when the HP bleed valve is open, the IP bleed check valve prevents 8th/10th stage bleed air from flowing back into the mid-stage duct. At higher power settings the HP bleed valve will close at 3rd/4th stage air to open the IP bleed check valve and supply the aircraft pneumatic system through the bleed pressure regulator valve.
M. Bleed Air Ducts
(1) The bleed air ducts collect the IP and HP stage compressor bleed air for distribution to the aircraft Environment Control System (ECS).
(2) The bleed air ducts are formed and bent metal ducts with specially-made flanges that attach to the engine and the valves.
(3) The 8th stage bleed air duct and the 8th and 11th stage air duct have gimbal joints as part of their assembly. This feature is for removal of the engine bleed air supply system valves with the adjacent ducts installed.
(4) The 3rd and 8th stage air duct (AP62) has a sensor line fitting.
(5) The 8th stage bleed air duct has a pressurization line fitting used for the hydraulic reservoir pressurization.
(6) The bleed-air ducts are line replaceable units.
6. Power Supply
** ON A/C NOT FOR ALL | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| BUSBAR VOLTAGE FUNCTIONS ATA NO. |
| AND POWER |
| SUPPLY |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 801PP 28 VDC ESS Power Supply to : |
| Bleed Air Monitoring Computer 1 (BMC 1) 36-11-00 |
| Relay ENG 1 BLEED LAMP TEST AND INTERFC 36-20-00 |
| Pressure Transducers 36-21-00 |
| 202PP 28 VDC NORM Power Supply to : |
| Bleed Air Monitoring Computer 2 (BMC 2) 36-11-00 |
| Relay ENG 2 BLEED LAMP TEST AND INTERFC 36-20-00 |
| Pressure Transducers 36-21-00 |
| 801PP 28 VDC ESS Power Supply to : |
| Bleed Air Monitoring Computer 1 (BMC 1) 36-11-00 |
| ENG 1 BLEED Pushbutton Switch 36-20-00 |
| ENG 1 FIRE Handle 26-00-00 |
| 202PP 28 VDC NORM Power Supply to : |
| Bleed Air Monitoring Computer 2 (BMC 2) 36-11-00 |
| ENG 2 BLEED Pushbutton Switch 36-20-00 |
| ENG 2 FIRE Handle 26-00-00 |
7. Operation
A. Function
- The bleed systems of engines 1 and 2 are similar and operate independently of each other.
- Air is tapped either from intermediate HP compressor stage through an IP bleed check valve or from high HP compressor stage through an HP bleed valve according to engine speed.
- When engine speed is low, especially during aircraft descent with engine at idle, IP port pressure is not sufficient. The air is automatically bled from the HP port (high pressure, between the 8th/10th stages) through the HP Bleed Valve and IP Bleed Check Valve is closed to prevent air recirculation.
- When engine speed is high, the engine air bleed is in usual configuration. The air is bled from the IP port (intermediate pressure, between the 3rd/4th stages) through the IP Bleed Check Valve and HP Bleed Valve closes.
- Downstream of the HP bleed valve and IP check valve, the bleed pressure regulator valve controls the bleed air pressure to a predetermined value. The valve can be controlled in closed position through a solenoid installed downstream of the precooler exchanger. As the PRV is connected to the HPV by a sense line, when the bleed is controlled OFF, both PRV and HPV are released and close simultaneously.
- To prevent any ducting damage caused by an incorrect regulation of the PRV (high pressure) an overpressure valve has been installed downstream of the PRV. It will close when downstream PRV pressure get the OPV closing value.
- Pressure regulated air is then routed to the users through the bleed air precooler exchanger where it is be cooled. Cooling is got by modulation of cold airflow from the engine fan, through a fan air valve controlled by a bleed temperature sensor.
B. Fault Detection and Monitoring of the System
The monitoring system detects failures and unusual operation of the engine bleed air supply system. It warns the crew and transmits the relevant information to the upper and lower ECAM display units. Additionally the MASTER CAUT light comes on and a single chime sounds. The system also enables unusual operation and failure to be detected during flight in order to facilitate replacement on the ground of faulty components (Line Replaceable Units (LRU)).
The monitoring system detects failures and unusual operation of the engine bleed air supply system. It warns the crew and transmits the relevant information to the upper and lower ECAM display units. Additionally the MASTER CAUT light comes on and a single chime sounds. The system also enables unusual operation and failure to be detected during flight in order to facilitate replacement on the ground of faulty components (Line Replaceable Units (LRU)).
- An exchanger outlet temperature sensor monitors the precooler outlet temperature.
- Two pressure transducers monitor the air pressure available in circuit.
(1) The two BMCs monitor the electrical signals from the switchless system of the valves, the temperature at the precooler outlet, the transferred and the regulated pressures. Additionally, they monitor ambient overheat in the pylons, wings and the fuselage (Ref. AMM D/O 36-22-00-00).
(2) The two BMCs transmit data through the SDAC to the ECAM system which gives the indications on the system page. The indications are:
- Pressure
- Temperature
- Position of the primary valves (PRV, HP bleed valve, crossbleed valve and APU bleed valve).
The two BMCs signal directly to the AIR COND overhead control panel the ENG 1 (2) BLEED FAULT signal.
(3) The two BMCs trigger a warning in case of:
- Overpressure/low pressure
- Overtemperature/low temperature
- Ambient overheat.
(4) The two BMCs control the closure of the PRV (during warning, engine start, APU bleed) automatic mode of crossbleed valve and APU bleed valve opening availability.
(5) The two BMCs monitor the correct operation of the whole system and detect unusual function of an item. They send this data to the Centralized Fault Display-System (CFDS) (maintenance computer).
NOTE: All the class 1, 2 and 3 maintenance messages transmitted from the two BMCs are listed in the INDEX of the TSM.
8. BMC Parameter List
A. Data Bus from EIU
(1) Discrete word
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| ! KEY: (e) ! |
| ! SDI = 01 or 11 from EIU1 ! |
| ! SDI = 10 or 00 from EIU2 ! |
| !--------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
| ! LABEL ! SDI ! BIT ! REFRESH ! PARAMETER !STATUS 0!STATUS 1! COMMENTS ! |
| ! ! ! ! RATE (ms) ! DEFINITION ! ! ! ! |
| !-------!-----!-----!-----------!------------!--------!--------!-----------! |
| ! 270 ! (e) ! 13 ! 250 max ! ENGINE !CLOSED ! NOT !USED BLEED ! |
| ! ! ! ! ! STARTER ! !CLOSED !PRESSURE ! |
| ! ! ! ! ! VALVE ! ! !REGULATOR ! |
| ! ! ! ! ! POSITION ! ! !VALVE FOR ! |
| ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !CONTROL ! |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| ! KEY: ! |
| ! SDI = 01 from EIU1 ! |
| ! SDI = 10 from EIU2 ! |
| !--------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
| ! LABEL ! BIT ! REFRESH ! PARAMETER ! STATUS 0!STATUS 1! COMMENTS ! |
| ! ! ! RATE (ms)! DEFINITION ! ! ! ! |
| !-------!-------!----------!---------------!---------!--------!------------! |
| ! ! 11 ! ! OIL LOW PRESS ! !DETECTED! ! |
| ! ! ! ! ! !(Eng ! ! |
| ! ! ! ! ! ! Not ! ! |
| ! ! ! ! ! !Running)! ! |
| ! 032 !-------! 125 max !---------------!---------!--------!------------! |
| ! ! 13 ! !VALVE CLOSURE ! ! !FOR CROSS- ! |
| ! ! ! !For ENG START ! NO ! YES !BLEED VALVE ! |
| ! ! ! ! DEMAND ! ! !CTL AND APU ! |
| ! ! ! ! ! ! !ENABLE ! |
| ! !-------!----------!---------------!---------!--------!------------! |
| ! ! 19 ! ! CFM 56 FAMILY ! !SELECTED! ! |
| !--------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
| ! ! 17 ! ! LH MAIN ! !COMPRES-! ! |
| ! ! ! ! LANDING GEAR ! !SED ! ! |
| ! ! ! ! ! ! ! USED FOR ! |
| ! ! ! ! ! ! ! TEST ! |
| ! ! ! 80 max ! ! ! ! INHIBITION ! |
| ! 031 !-------! !---------------!---------!--------! AND ! |
| ! ! 18 ! !RH MAIN ! !COMPRES-! LOW TEMP ! |
| ! ! ! !LANDING GEAR ! !SED ! ! |
| ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! !-------! !---------------!---------!--------!------------! |
| ! ! 29 ! ! WAI P/B ! ! OFF ! LOW TEMP ! |
| ! ! ! ! ! !SELECTED! ! |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
B. Data Bus from EIU
(1) Numerical word
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| ! KEY: (e) (k) ! |
| ! SDI = 01 or 11 from EIU1 SDI = 01 from EIU1 ! |
| ! SDI = 10 or 00 from EIU2 SDI = 10 from EIU2 ! |
| !--------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
| !LABEL!SDI!PARAMETER!BINARY! REFRESH !NUMBER OF!OPERATING!RESOLUTION! UNIT ! |
| ! ! ! DEFINI- !RANGE ! RATE !SIGNIFI- !RANGE !(approx) ! ! |
| ! ! ! TION ! ! (ms) !CANT BITS!Min/Max ! ! ! |
| !-----!---!---------!------!---------!---------!---------!----------!------! |
| ! 114 ! ! PO ! 32 ! 250 max ! 14 ! 2/20 ! 0,002 ! ! |
| !-----!(e)!---------------------------------------------------------! PSIA ! |
| ! 264 ! ! PS3 ! 512 ! 125 max ! 14 ! 2/450 ! 0,03 ! ! |
| !-----!---!---------!------!---------!---------!---------!----------!------! |
| ! 316 !(k)! OIL TEMP!2048 ! 125 max ! 12 ! -60 to ! 0,5 ! °C ! |
| ! ! ! ! ! ! ! +250 ! ! ! |
| -------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
C. Output Data Bus from CFDIU (Numerical word)
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| ! KEY: ! |
| ! SDI = 00 for BMC1 and BMC2 ! |
| ! SDI = 01 for BMC1 ! |
| ! SDI = 10 for BMC2 ! |
| !--------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
| ! LABEL ! SDI ! PARAMETER DEFINITION ! FORMAT ! REFRESH ! COMMENTS ! |
| ! ! ! ! ! RATE (ms)! ! |
| !-------!-------!----------------------!--------!----------!---------------! |
| ! 125 ! 00 ! GMT ! BCD ! 1000 ! ! |
| !-------!-------!----------------------!--------!----------! SEE ARINC 429 ! |
| ! 260 ! 00 ! DATE ! BCD ! 1000 ! ! |
| !-------!-------!----------------------!--------!----------!---------------! |
| ! 233 ! ! ! ISO NOT! ! ! |
| ! 234 ! 00 ! FLIGHT NUMBER ! EQUAL ! 4000 ! ! |
| ! 235 ! ! ! TO 5 ! ! ! |
| ! 236 ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| !-------!-------!----------------------!--------!----------! ! |
| ! 227 ! 01/10 ! BITE COMMAND CONTROL ! BCD ! 120 ! ! |
| !-------!-------!----------------------!--------!----------! SEE ABD 0018 ! |
| ! 301 ! ! ! ISO NOT! ! ! |
| ! 302 ! ! AIRCRAFT IDENTIFIER ! EQUAL ! 4000 ! ! |
| ! 303 ! ! ! TO 5 ! ! ! |
| ! 304 ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| !-------!-------!----------------------!--------!----------! ! |
| ! 126 ! 00 ! FLIGHT PHASE ! BNR ! 1000 ! ! |
| !-------!-------!----------------------!--------!----------! ! |
| ! 155 ! 00 !AIRCRAFT CONFIGURATION!DISCRETE! 1000 ! ! |
| ! ! ! WORD ! WORD ! ! ! |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| ! KEY: (c) SDI=01 for BMC1 or 10 for BMC2 ! |
| ! (d) Used by SDAC1 or SDAC2 for "SYSTEM PAGES" ! |
| ! (h) Emission only by BMC2 - (i) Emission only by BMC1 ! |
| ! (e) SDI=01 from EIU1 and SDI=10 from BMC2 ! |
| !--------------------------------------------------------------------------! |
| !LABEL!SDI!PARAMETER!FORMAT!UPD/MSEC ! SIG !OPER RANGE!RESOLUTION! UNIT ! |
| ! ! ! DEF ! !MIN/MAX ! BIT !MIN/MAX ! ! ! |
| !-----!---!---------!------!---------!--------!----------!----------!------! |
| ! 141 !(c)!ENG1 PRE-! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! (d) ! !COOLER ! BNR ! 125/250 ! 10 ! 0/+512 ! 0,5 ! °C ! |
| ! ! !EXCHANGER! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! ! !OUTLET ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! ! !TEMPERA- ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! ! !TURE ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| !-----!---!---------------------------------------------------------!------! |
| ! 143 !(c)!ENG1 PRE-! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! (d) ! !COOLER ! BNR ! 125/250 ! 10 ! 0/ 512 ! 0,5 ! PSIG ! |
| ! ! !EXCHANGER! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! ! !INLET ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! ! !PRESSURE ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! ! ! (PR1) ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| !-----!---!---------------------------------------------------------!------! |
| ! 140 !(c)!ENG2 PRE-! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! (d) ! !COOLER ! BNR ! 125/250 ! 10 ! 0/+512 ! 0,5 ! °C ! |
| ! ! !EXCHANGER! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! ! !OUTLET ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! ! !TEMPERA- ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! ! !TURE(PR1)! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| !-----!---!---------------------------------------------------------!------! |
| ! 142 !(c)!ENG2 PRE-! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! (d) ! !COOLER ! BNR ! 125/250 ! 10 ! 0/ 512 ! 0,5 ! PSIG ! |
| ! ! !EXCHANGER! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! ! !OUTLET ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! ! !PRESSURE ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! ! ! (PR2) ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| !-----!---!---------------------------------------------------------!------! |
| ! 151 !01 !ENG1 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! (i) ! !TRANSFER-! BNR ! 125/250 ! 10 ! 0/ 512 ! 0,5 ! PSIG ! |
| ! ! !RED PRES-! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! ! !SURE ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| !-----!---!---------------------------------------------------------!------! |
| ! 153 !01 !ENG1 HIGH! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! (i) ! !PRESSURE ! BNR ! 125/250 ! ! SAME AS PS3 ! PSIG ! |
| ! ! !STAGE ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! ! !OUTLET ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! ! !PRESSURE ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! ! !(PS3-P0) ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| !-----!---!---------------------------------------------------------!------! |
| ! 152 !10 !ENG2 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! (h) ! !TRANSFER-! BNR ! 125/250 ! 10 ! 0/ 512 ! 0,5 ! PSIG ! |
| ! ! !RED ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! ! !PRESSURE ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| !-----!---!---------------------------------------------------------!------! |
| ! 154 !10 !ENG2 HIGH! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! (h) ! !PRESSURE ! BNR ! 125/250 ! ! SAME AS PS3 ! PSIG ! |
| ! ! !STAGE ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! ! !OUTLET ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! ! !PRESSURE ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! ! !(PS3-P0) ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| !-----!---!---------------------------------------------------------!------! |
| ! 377 !(c)!EQUIP- ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! ! !MENT ! BCD ! 125/250 ! ! ! ! NONE ! |
| ! ! !IDENTI- ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! ! !FICATION ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |
| !-----!---!---------------------------------------------------------!------! |
| ! 356 !(c)!MAINTE- ! ISO !NORMAL ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! ! !NANCE ! NOT !MODE 50/ ! ! ! ! NONE ! |
| ! ! !DATA ! EQUAL!250 MENU ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! ! ! ! TO 5 !MODE SEE ! ! ! ! ! |
| ! ! ! ! !ABD0018 ! ! ! ! ! |
| !-----!---!---------------------------------------------------------!------! |
| ! 316 !(e)! OIL ! ! ! ! -60 ! ! ! |
| ! ! ! TEMP ! BNR ! 125/250 ! 12 ! to ! 0,5 ! °C ! |
| ! ! ! ! ! ! ! +250 ! ! ! |
| !-----!---!---------------------------------------------------------!------! |
| ! 322 !(e)! NACELLE ! ! ! ! -55 ! ! ! |
| ! ! ! TEMP ! BNR ! 125/250 ! 10 ! to ! 0,5 ! °C ! |
| ! ! ! ! ! ! ! +330 ! ! ! |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
9. -
A. Data Bus from Valves of EBAS
(1) Data Table to Engine 1
| ------------------------------------------------- |
| !LABEL! BIT !PARAMETER ! Status ! Status ! |
| !67/01! !DEFINITION ! 0 ! 1 ! |
| !-----!-----!-----------!-------------!---------! |
| ! ! 11 ! Eng1 OPV !Fully open !Not fully! |
| ! ! ! position ! !open ! |
| !-----!-----!-----------!-------------!---------! |
| ! ! 14 ! OPEN Eng1 ! Open !Not open ! |
| ! ! !FAV command! ! ! |
| !-----!-----!-----------!-------------!---------! |
| ! ! 15 ! Eng1 HPV !Fully closed !Not fully! |
| ! ! ! position ! !closed ! |
| !-----!-----!-----------!-------------!---------! |
| ! ! 16 ! OPEN Eng2 ! Open !Not open ! |
| ! ! !FAV command! ! ! |
| !-----!-----!-----------!-------------!---------! |
| ! ! 17 ! Eng1 PRV !Fully closed !Not fully! |
| ! ! ! position ! !closed ! |
| ------------------------------------------------- |
(2) Data Table to Engine 2
| ------------------------------------------------- |
| !LABEL! BIT !PARAMETER ! Status ! Status ! |
| !66/01! !DEFINITION ! 0 ! 1 ! |
| !-----!-----!-----------!-------------!---------! |
| ! ! 11 ! Eng2 OPV !Fully open !Not fully! |
| ! ! ! position ! !open ! |
| !-----!-----!-----------!-------------!---------! |
| ! ! 14 ! OPEN Eng1 ! Open !Not open ! |
| ! ! !FAV command! ! ! |
| !-----!-----!-----------!-------------!---------! |
| ! ! 15 ! Eng2 HPV !Fully closed !Not fully! |
| ! ! ! position ! !closed ! |
| !-----!-----!-----------!-------------!---------! |
| ! ! 16 ! OPEN Eng2 ! Open !Not open ! |
| ! ! !FAV command! ! ! |
| !-----!-----!-----------!-------------!---------! |
| ! ! 17 ! Eng1 PRV !Fully closed !Not fully! |
| ! ! ! position ! !closed ! |
| ------------------------------------------------- |
10. BMC Power-up Test
A. Conditions of Power-up Test Initialization
(1) How long the computer must be de-energized:
- 1 sec.
(2) A/C configuration:
- Same configuration as the A/C on ground.
B. Progress of Power-up Test
(1) Duration:
- 22 sec.
(2) Cockpit repercussions directly linked to power-up test accomplishment (some other repercussions may occur depending on the A/C configuration but these can be disregarded):
- ECAM BLEED page:
* BLEED temperature indication set to 0 deg. - ENG 1 (2) BLEED and APU BLEED pushbutton:
* Light flashing.
C. Results of Power-up Test
(1) Test pass:
- None.
(2) Test failed:
- None because the opposite BMC is taking over the functions of the faulty one, use CFDS.
NOTE: If both BMC have failed, the following messages are shown:
- ECAM warning:
* BLEED MONITORING FAULT. - ECAM BLEED page:
* XX are shown in place of temperature, pressure indication and valves position.